Soren Kierkegaard

topic posted Mon, September 6, 2004 - 6:18 PM by  Unsubscribed
So...is he or is he not an existentialist? Like Nietzche, he technically predates the actual coining of the term. But, like Nietzche, I have heard some folk classify his writings as some of the earliest existentialist works.
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    Re: Soren Kierkegaard

    Mon, September 6, 2004 - 7:37 PM
    I say no...his authorship gives a christian based resolution to the human condition in the end...I count him out, and Nietzche out, but add George Bataille as the earliest(self unproclaimed) existentialist.
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      Re: Soren Kierkegaard

      Mon, September 6, 2004 - 8:11 PM
      but, I love kierkegaard's treatment of the aesthetic especially in the concept of irony...as he suggests the power of the artist in the eloquence of the observer..like Plato and socrates..mirroring...christians and christ. I think that is one of the greatest things about kierkegaard. (as an aside...maybe a new thread)
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      Re: Soren Kierkegaard

      Mon, September 6, 2004 - 11:11 PM
      Jack, I wasn't necessarily asking whether K was the earliest, or Nietzche for that matter.

      Do you consider Nietzche an existentialist at all? I have a hard time NOT considering him one. Granted, there's a lot I haven't read, but Nietzche's statement:

      "We are not passive observers but active interpretors,"

      -seems to sum up a helluva lot of existentialism very comprehensibly...possibly more than Sartre.
      • Re: Soren Kierkegaard

        Sat, September 11, 2004 - 5:10 AM
        Not more than Sartre I would have to disagree. However, I would classify Kierkegaard as an exitentialist. Though his writings were religious in nature, he did an excellent job describing his perception of christian life as a possibly existential one. I remember one allegory from one of his books about Abraham being told to kill his son Isaacon Mount Moriah.

        1) He was truly isolated in that experience inherently because it was religious. He would be even more isolated and an outcast had he actuallyperformed the sacrifice becuase even if he told other that God told him to do it, who would believe him. As existensialism emphasizes the uniqueness and isolation of the individual experience in a hostile or indifferent universe and regards human existence as unexplainable (at least to another).

        2) The fact that he and his wife begged God for 100 years for a child and now he was rewarded with one and told to kill him, that had to be very painful. Especially given his faith (Which is still debated as to whether it was a test for Abraham, or whther god did it to prove to Abraham that he had faith, though he knew he did since he was doind it anyway. It took 3 days to climb mount moriah. I would say this satisfies the conditions necessary for anguish.

        3) The fact the he was going to do it showed that he made a choice to do so and resigned to follow the will of God even thuogh it was contrary to his own. Self-resignation.

        In Kierkegaardian terms he would have been called a Knight of Faith.

        -Sweet
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          Re: Soren Kierkegaard

          Tue, September 14, 2004 - 8:51 PM
          Well sure that was the synopsis of "Fear and Trembling"...one of the books in Kierkegaard's early authorship and still in his pseudonymous period. Later in his authorship when he begins to publish under his own name he takes the spiritual "out" of the irrationality of human existence. It is a pained out that he portrays in "Judge for Yourself"...or "The Unchangeableness of God" but it is an out none the less. I think that Existentialism as the phrase is coined by Sartre leaves the human condition in a state of NON-resolution. I think that is the defining character of the philosophy. It is a philosophy in which there is no god to petition. A philosophy in which th knight of faith is Don Quixote.
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            Re: Soren Kierkegaard

            Thu, September 23, 2004 - 10:49 AM
            >>I think that is the defining character of the philosophy. It is a philosophy in which there is no god to petition.<<

            Hmmm...an interesting statement. By that definition then, all existentialists must be atheists.

            But we haven't proven that there is no God either. We only use five physical senses, who are we to say that those five senses dictate the entirety of all existence. That's part of what I find fascinating about Kierkegaard (Christ, I sure hate the name though, with those two A's!!)...it doesn't seem like any of the other existentialists bothered to think on God, other than to dismiss God outright and be done with it. To the question: "Is there a God?", I have always heard the classic existentialist answer was "Define God, please."

            Robert Anton Wilson gave me my first intro by describing how Kierkagaard used existentialism to defend Christianity, whilst Nietzche used used existentialism to attack it.

            A friend of mine considers Kierkagaard to be a solitary Gnostic.
            • Re: Soren Kierkegaard

              Fri, October 8, 2004 - 9:34 AM
              would you like his name better if you knew it meant "churchyard"? just a random aside. My thoughts: I thought that SK and Sartre were similar in that they both took a "leap of faith" but for Sartre it was sans the (Catholic Biblical) God he knew as a Frenchman. SK's leap was to believe in God with no rational, systemic (Hegelian) knowledge.
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            Re: Soren Kierkegaard

            Thu, October 21, 2004 - 9:55 PM
            >>I think that Existentialism as the phrase is coined by Sartre leaves the human condition in a state of NON-resolution. I think that is the defining character of the philosophy. It is a philosophy in which there is no god to petition.<<

            Jack, something I want to add to the comment I wrote, was that my understanding of Existentialism...yes, originally coined by Sartre but now, the term seems to have broadened itself out to a field of thought much wider than Sartre's...is the basic idea that whether there is an objective truth, it is still filtered through subjective interpretations, that we are responsible for our interpretations, our choices, our motives, our intents, and how we process the actions of others and respond to them.

            Now what you described has always seemed so ironic to me...that Sartre, who coined this term...seems much more a nihilist than an existentialist, or at least his existentialism seems to bed quite heavily down into that end.

            And Camus...does existentialism have to be so depressing?
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              Re: Soren Kierkegaard

              Tue, October 26, 2004 - 8:58 PM
              No, it is not nihilistic. The lack of a God to petition is not nihilistic.

              "that we are responsible for our interpretations, our choices, our motives, our intents, and how we process the actions of others and respond to them."

              I agree with that 100%. I think though that it might go beyond that. I think that we should as existentialists be prepared to "carry the wieght of the world on our shoulders".

              I personally think that George Bataille's "Inner Experience" is the be all and end all of existentialism.
              • Re: Soren Kierkegaard

                Sun, November 7, 2004 - 4:28 AM
                I would have to agree with Simon on this one. It delves rather deeply into nihilism. I haven't read Bataille's "Inner Experience", but since ("we are responsible for our interpretations, our choices, our motives, our intents, and how we process the actions of others and respond to them.") we can completely ignore the actions, opinions, interpretation, etc. of others and be concerned only of one's own self-interest. There is nothing to preclude the idea of the lack of existence of anything outsideof the self and hence, why worry about it.

                And in response to Simon, I have heard so many times that existentialism is depressing. I am not saying that you said that, but I wanted to address the point because I thought it was an interesting one. I honestly cannot figure out what people find depressing about existentialism. For lack of better phrasing, I find that it frees one's mind. I don't think one can truly understand the meaning of "the other" without fully comprehending and taking to heart some of the major tenets of existentialism.

                -Sweet
  • Re: Soren Kierkegaard

    Mon, November 8, 2004 - 8:28 AM

    What I find funny about this whole exchange is the notion that defining people as Existentialist or not Existentialist, Gnostic, Atheist, etc. is quite against the whole notion of what Existentialism is…the emphasis on the individual, individual freedom and whatnot. The group does not exist, so why bother trying to group people. Kierkegaard is a singular idea; the point is that it is only the individual moments that matter. No matter what you think of him today, what he said yesterday was what it was and no more.

    "Existence precedes and rules essence"

    I think he looked a bit like you, however Simon. In Fear and Trembling, he wrote quite well that only act worth while is the act of the self. I take that as meaning, the group, the following of others, God, a movement, a philosophy is really mute. It is the act of the self that mattered to him.
    • Re: Soren Kierkegaard

      Mon, November 8, 2004 - 10:35 AM
      What can it mean to ask if Kierkegaard was 'really' an existentialist? 'Being an existentialist' is not a discoverable quality like 'weighing 7 kilos' that is subject to confirmation or disconfirmation. If someone calls himself or herself an existentialist, than that is how they understood themselves. Beyond that, it is purely a matter of semantics.

      The term is excedingly vague. and is often loosely deployed to signify similarities in tone rather than content. Even in Sartre's career the term existentialism is problematic. His core beliefs evolved and his relationship to that term itself transformed. His 'Letter on Humanism', from which the ubiquitous phrase "Existence precedes essence" is derived, was a hastily-written and relatively unimportant writing.
      • Re: Soren Kierkegaard

        Mon, November 8, 2004 - 11:01 AM
        Well...I like the phrase, no matter how or why he wrote it...again doe circumstances and catagories really change or alter the meaning of things?
        • Re: Soren Kierkegaard

          Mon, November 8, 2004 - 2:23 PM
          My point is simply that existentialism is not one thing, even for someone who called himself an existentialist for decades.

          I don't see the point in asking whether or not a Danish philosopher from the 19th Century should be classified as belonging to the same school as French philosophers of the mid-Twentieth Century. To me that seems like asking if Heraclitus was a Platonist or not.
          • Re: Soren Kierkegaard

            Tue, November 9, 2004 - 8:14 AM
            I would agree with you Barnaby. Existentialism is definitely a vague and amorphous term. The term itself has no inherent qualities. There are as many existenailist theories as there are 'existentialists'. This is what makes it a good philosophical idea. Because it cannot be summed up like '7 kilograms'. It caan be refined and expound upon, but can never be nailed down because of the 'uniqueness' of the individual experience of everyones grasp of term, which boils down to not so much as semantics, but personal values and ideals.

            -Sweet
            • Re: Soren Kierkegaard

              Fri, December 10, 2004 - 9:38 PM
              The way I understandi is that Kierkegaard was "religious" existentialist. In a way, he was protesting the rigidity of the Lutheran Church during his time and calling for a return to the ideals of Martin Luther.
          • Was Heraclitus a Platonist?

            Wed, December 29, 2004 - 1:43 AM
            "know that all is one." Heraclitus, fr. 2

            For Plato the theory of the forms advocated that for every appearance of a thing in the world of becoming there was a corresponding real form in the world of being.

            Since all things participate in being, all things are one. Plato held this belief as did Heraclitus, therefore Herclitus was a Platonist.
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      Re: Soren Kierkegaard

      Wed, January 19, 2005 - 10:12 PM
      I'm out of sequence and late to the party but . . .

      I agree with Sugar that the measure is "existence precedes essence", and we shouldn't really care about what the "experts" mean by the term.

      I AM before I am SOMETHING. That's the obvious Sartrean point we all get. I'm born first then I become something. Duh.

      If I acknowledge this core fact, I'm an "existentialist" (whatever else that hackneyed term might refer to [see punk]). SK adhered to this concept so, by definition, was an existentialist. The end. Sugar baby rules!

      I think the real question about Kierkegaard is: why was he so pale and is it any wonder Regina thought he was kinda funky? Maybe that's not a question for this forum.

      At least he had a daily espresso fix.
      • meaning, postmeaning, postpostmeaning, etc, ect.

        Thu, January 20, 2005 - 12:15 AM
        punk, i promise you, did used to -mean- something.

        in fact, it meant something very, very much.

        we are now living in the world no longer even of the signifier, but of the -sign-.

        i find this frightening.

        punks were very, very about living in the world of the signified. it was about getting back to the signified, & we were nowhere near the sign yet. we saw the sign coming, perhaps, but if the worst we had to battle was boston (& it was) we were still fighting signifiers that thought they were signifieds, that were really just overproduced & overmeddled signifieds.

        it is -horrifying- to me that it has lost so much meaning that it can be now that of as a "term" whether hackneyed or not.

        it was, emphatically, not a term.

        nothing was just a term until probably mid 81. signifieds were leaning into signifiers before then, but things had not yet crossed over into having no meaning whatsoever. people were ironic about things that -mattered- to them, whether negatively or positively. there was no irony about irony yet.

        punk was about stripping away devices to get to core meaning.

        i know, i was there, i ran away from home to be there, for heavens sake, for heavens sake, it was the last thing where there were any true signifieds left at all.

        it once had a meaning. one could definitely NOT say "i am a punk" & be a punk. one had to shoot dope, be bisexual & know who at least rimbaud was. or, lets say one was straighter (i was straighter, my parents were weird & i still lived at home, age 14, unlike many of the other 14 year olds i knew), one had to spend most of ones life on the streets, hang around w/ hustlers (this means prostitutes), do what would now be called "fetish" modeling (& then was called a variety of more dismissive things, ie, "not tall enough"), get so drunk one is falling asleep in spike heels whilst standing up, & know who at least rimbaud was.

        it was not, btw, real easy to get into this club.

        it was easy to name onesself a member, perhaps, but not to be one.

        i am -certain- being an existentialist was once the same.

        all of our postpost business has wrought an empty, but extraordinarily heavy rock full o' trouble for our culture, & via our culture, for our world.

        when meaning is leached, you know, no meaning remains.

        no other way to put it.
        • i want my mtv.

          Thu, January 20, 2005 - 12:18 AM
          to barf upon, perhaps.

          to blow up, absolutely.

          mid 81=video killed the radio star.

          there was still a smidgen of hope before this.
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          Re: meaning, postmeaning, postpostmeaning, etc, ect.

          Thu, January 20, 2005 - 12:32 AM
          I think I'm in complete agreement or atleast that was my point in this thread and over in the punk tribes - very similar issue: event/experience becomes label becomes uniform. "What is punk?" already implies it's past.

          "punk was about stripping away devices". Yes! or maybe, pre-device, maybe "me-here-this event", no construct, no form, just the experience . . .

          "We had the experience but missed the meaning . . ."

          Just being, not trying to be *something*

          And not intending this to be the case but *it just being so*

          No artifice. Maybe that's what you're meaning by "stripping away devices."

          "Nothing was just a term." But now that seems that's all there is. How to find that experience again?
  • yes of course.

    Sat, January 15, 2005 - 9:21 PM
    i did not know he had ever becme -not- considered an existentialist.

    i think this query has something to do w/ the one which is here, beneath or below the one i am now answering:

    "how does an existentialist deal??"

    b/c in our relentless mediocre drive toward academe via the twin trains of commerce & theory, we have forgotten precisely that, that existentialist or madonnaist-kaballist (forgive me for that horrible hyphen, oh people who once learned & then questioned & then believed, then questioned again), we all must, indeed, DEAL.

    sk was my hero during my divorce, age 19, from someone who did not like him much due to his religion (sk's not my exhusband's, which is quite, um..... different), & i learned via his perfect brand of tortured existential christianity how to deal, as best i could, as best he could. very similar.

    i would also note the similarity between existentialism, especially sk-style, & buddhism--

    it all is, what is, is, what is not, may be & in the end, we all do have to deal.

    then we come to a conclusion, which we may find irrefutable (whether or not it may be refuted, in the case of sk, cannot be known), but the process may be the same.

    i dont want to think about bataille (i really dont. enough thought has gone into bataille in this everlovin day, imneverho), but who knows what simone de beauvoir actually thought as she faded off this mortal coil.

    sk dealt in a different way & perhaps he folded early & perhaps he folded correctly. nobody knows.

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